There was a widely held suspicion that the Soviets were developing mind-control capabilities. The anxieties of US citizens were not just about their nuclear capacities. " felt that the Soviet Union had the power, almost at a moment's notice, not only to destroy the United States but to destroy the entire possibility of meaningful human life on Earth." "The United States became convinced that we were under imminent threat," says Stephen Kinzer, a former foreign correspondent at the New York Times. In the early years of the Cold War, the US and the Soviet Union were poised for nuclear combat. Sleep, drugs and Operation Midnight Climax Orne was a keen psychologist, well regarded for his scepticism and scientific rigour, but the CIA had questionable motives. Boston, MA: Pearson."I suddenly found myself surrounded by people who were entrenched in the issues of hypnosis."īut, unbeknownst to the Sydney university staff and students, documents recently retrieved by the ABC confirm that Professor Orne was receiving funding from the secretive intelligence program MK-Ultra, which was in turn funded by the CIA. Final Report of the Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities, United States Senate. Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities, United States Senate (1976, April 24). Joint hearing before the Select Committee on Intelligence and the Subcommittee on Health and Scientific Research of the Committee on Human Resources, United States Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence and Committee on Human Resources. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 10, 57-61. Imaginative suggestibility and hypnotizability. The toxic legacy of Canada’s CIA brainwashing experiments: ‘They strip you of your soul’. The CIA’s secret quest for mind control: Torture, LSD, and a ‘Poisoner in Chief’. What we know about the CIA’s midcentury mind-control project. Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett.Įschner, K. Amdur (Eds.) Institutional Review Board: Management and function (2nd ed.) (pp. The study population: Women, minorities, and children. Statement of Director of Central Intelligence before Subcommittee on Health and Scientific Research, Senate Committee on Human Resources. CIA.gov (online).Ĭentral Intelligence Agency (1977, September 21). 60 Minutes: MK-Ultra/mind control experiments. Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett.Ĭarlson, N. Institutional Review Board: Management and function (2nd ed.). Institutional Review Board member handbook (3rd ed.). Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett.Īmdur, R., & Bankert, E. Bankert (Eds.) Institutional Review Board: Member handbook (3rd ed.) (pp. Theodore Kaczynski, who later became known as The Unabomber, was one of the 22 participants in Murray’s study, subjected to several years of interrogations designed to psychologically break the young man.Īmdur, R. From 1959-1962, Murray conducted such interrogation studies on Harvard undergraduates (Chase, 2000). The interrogation studies included intense mock interrogations on soldiers as part of assessing the limits of their psychological breaking points (Chase, 2000).
During this time, he also helped develop tests to screen soldiers, conducted tests on brainwashing, and determined how well soldiers could withstand interrogations. He wrote “Analysis of the Personality of Adolph Hitler,” which was the psychological analysis of Hitler that was used by the military. Murray was a professor at Harvard University and had worked for the Office of Strategic Services (the predecessor to the CIA) during World War II.
Another ethically problematic study was conducted by Henry A.
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